Tc-99m decays by isomeric transition and gamma emission with a half-life of 6.01 hours. It is typically produced from molybdenum-99 (Mo-99) generators. Mo-99 is produced in nuclear reactors by neutron irradiation of uranium. The resulting Mo-99 decays to Tc-99m, which is then eluted from the generator. Supply chain considerations involve the availability of nuclear reactors, uranium targets, and Mo-99 generators. Logistical challenges include the transport and delivery of Mo-99 generators and the handling of radioactive materials. Accessibility for developing countries is influenced by the specialised facilities and regulatory requirements.
Overview
Maturity
Tc-99m production and application are well-established, with widespread use in nuclear medicine.
Safety considerations
Tc-99m is a radioactive isotope that emits gamma radiation, requiring careful handling procedures and physical shielding to minimise radiation exposure.
Security considerations
All radioactive isotopes can be misused, and as such, robust security protocols around chain of custody, inventory management, and physical security are critical.
Safeguarding considerations
Due to the absence of nuclear materials, IAEA safeguards are not applicable.
