Sm-153 decays by beta emission and gamma emission with a half-life of 1.93 days. It is typically produced in nuclear reactors by neutron irradiation of samarium-152. The resulting Sm-153 is then chemically separated and incorporated into radiopharmaceuticals. Supply chain considerations involve the availability of nuclear reactors, samarium targets, and radiochemistry facilities. Logistical challenges include the transport and handling of radioactive materials. Accessibility for developing countries is limited by the specialised facilities and regulatory requirements.
Overview
Maturity
Sm-153 production and application are well-established, with use in palliative radiation therapy.
Safety considerations
Sm-153 is a radioactive isotope that emits beta and gamma radiation, requiring careful handling and shielding to minimise radiation exposure.
Security considerations
While Sm-153 is not a proliferation concern, proper control and monitoring are necessary to prevent unauthorised access or misuse.
Safeguarding considerations
Traditional IAEA safeguards are not directly applicable due to the absence of fissile materials. However, monitoring and verification of the production and use of Sm-153 may be considered to ensure transparency and prevent misuse.