F-18 decays by positron emission with a short half-life of approximately 110 minutes. It is typically produced in cyclotrons by bombarding enriched oxygen-18 with protons. The resulting F-18 is then chemically incorporated into radiopharmaceuticals, such as FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose). Supply chain considerations involve the availability of cyclotrons, enriched oxygen-18, and specialised radiochemistry facilities. Logistical challenges include the rapid transport and delivery of F-18 radiopharmaceuticals due to their short half-life. Accessibility for developing countries is influenced by the high cost and technical expertise required for production and handling.
Overview
Maturity
F-18 production and application are well-established, with widespread use in nuclear medicine.
Safety considerations
F-18 is a radioactive isotope that emits positrons and gamma rays, requiring careful handling procedures and physical shielding to minimise radiation exposure.
Security considerations
All radioactive isotopes can be misused, and as such, robust security protocols around chain of custody, inventory management, and physical security are critical.
Safeguarding considerations
Due to the absence of nuclear materials, IAEA safeguards are not applicable.
