PET Scanners

PET scanners detect gamma rays emitted by positron-emitting isotopes administered to a patient. The isotopes are incorporated into biologically active molecules, such as glucose, which are then distributed throughout the body. When a positron emitted by the isotope encounters an electron, they annihilate each other, producing two gamma rays that travel in opposite directions. These gamma rays are detected by the PET scanner, and the resulting signals are processed to create an image of the isotope distribution. PET scans provide valuable information about metabolic activity, allowing for the detection of tumors, the assessment of brain function, and the evaluation of heart disease. Supply chain considerations involve the availability of specialised detectors, radioactive isotopes, and electronic components. Logistical challenges include the transportation and handling of radioactive materials and the installation of sensitive equipment. Accessibility for developing countries is limited by the high cost and technical expertise required for operation and maintenance.

PET scanners are a mature technology, widely used in nuclear medicine departments.

PET scans use radioactive isotopes, requiring careful handling and disposal to minimise radiation exposure to patients and staff. Shielding and safety protocols are essential.

While PET scanners do not contain fissile materials, the radioactive isotopes used can be a security concern. Proper control and monitoring are necessary to prevent unauthorised access or misuse.

Traditional IAEA safeguards are not directly applicable due to the absence of fissile materials. However, monitoring and verification of the use and disposal of radioactive isotopes may be considered to ensure transparency and prevent misuse.