Linear Accelerators

LINACs accelerate charged particles by passing them through a series of accelerating structures, such as drift tubes or resonant cavities. Radiofrequency power supplies provide the oscillating electric fields that accelerate the particles. The energy and intensity of the particle beam can be precisely controlled, allowing for tailored applications. Supply chain considerations involve the availability of high-power radiofrequency components, vacuum systems, and specialised accelerator structures. Logistical challenges include the transportation and installation of large and complex equipment. Accessibility for developing countries is limited by the high cost and technical expertise required for operation and maintenance.

LINACs are a mature technology, widely used in medical and industrial settings.

LINACs produce ionising radiation, requiring robust shielding and safety protocols to protect personnel. High-voltage systems also pose electrical hazards.

While LINACs do not use fissile materials, the potential for producing high-energy X-rays or electron beams that could be misused requires security measures to prevent unauthorised access and ensure proper control of the technology.

Traditional IAEA safeguards are not directly applicable due to the absence of fissile materials. However, monitoring and verification of the intended use and operational parameters may be considered to ensure transparency and prevent misuse.