Gamma irradiators consist of a shielded chamber containing a radioactive source. Products to be irradiated are placed within the chamber and exposed to gamma radiation for a controlled period. The radiation kills microorganisms, insects, and other pests, extending the shelf life of food and sterilising medical devices. Gamma irradiation can also be used to modify the properties of polymers and other materials. Supply chain considerations involve the availability of radioactive sources, shielding materials, and automated handling systems. Logistical challenges include the availability and transportation of sealed radioactive sources and the safe operation of the irradiator. Accessibility for developing countries is influenced by the high cost and regulatory requirements associated with the cradle to grave management of radioactive sources.
Overview
Maturity
Gamma irradiators are a mature technology, widely used in industrial and medical settings.
Safety considerations
Gamma irradiators use sealed radioactive sources, requiring robust shielding and safety protocols to prevent radiation exposure. Source integrity and security are also critical safety considerations.
Security considerations
Gamma irradiators can be misused, and the extraction of sealed radioactive source for use in a radiological dispersal device is a concern. As such, robust security protocols around chain of custody, inventory management, and physical security are critical.
Safeguarding considerations
Due to the absence of nuclear materials, IAEA safeguards are not applicable.
