Research reactors are designed to produce neutrons for various applications, including neutron activation analysis, materials testing, and medical isotope production. They typically operate at lower power levels than power reactors and have more flexible core configurations. Research reactors are essential tools for fundamental research in nuclear physics, materials science, and other fields. Supply chain considerations involve the availability of nuclear fuel, specialised reactor components, and instrumentation. Logistical challenges include the transportation and handling of nuclear materials and the management of spent fuel. Accessibility for developing countries is limited by the high cost and technical expertise required for operation and maintenance.
Overview
Maturity
Research reactors are a mature technology, with a long history of operation.
Safety considerations
Research reactors pose potential risks, including radiation exposure and criticality accidents. Robust safety systems and regulations are essential to minimise these risks.
Security considerations
Research reactors use nuclear fuel, which poses a proliferation risk. Stringent security measures are essential to prevent unauthorised access and ensure proper control of nuclear materials.
Safeguarding considerations
IAEA safeguards are essential for research reactors, involving inspections, material accounting, and containment and surveillance measures to verify the peaceful use of nuclear materials.