Compact Accelerator-based Neutron Sources (CANS)

CANS utilise accelerators to generate beams of charged particles, typically protons or deuterons, which are then directed onto a target material, such as beryllium or lithium. This interaction triggers nuclear reactions that release neutrons. The intensity and energy of the neutron beam can be tailored by adjusting the accelerator parameters and target material. CANS are designed to be more compact and cost-effective than conventional neutron sources, making them suitable for a wider range of applications. Supply chain considerations involve the procurement of specialised accelerator components, target materials, and radiation shielding. Logistics primarily focus on the transportation and installation of the accelerator and associated infrastructure. Accessibility for developing countries is enhanced due to the smaller scale and lower cost, though technical expertise for operation and maintenance remains a crucial factor.

While the underlying principles are well-established, ongoing research and development aim to improve the performance and reliability of CANS, and thus they are still in the testing phase.

CANS produce ionising radiation, requiring robust shielding and safety protocols to protect personnel and the environment. Careful management of target materials and potential activation products is also essential.

While CANS do not involve fissile materials, the potential for misuse in unauthorised research or modification necessitates security measures to prevent unauthorised access and ensure proper control of the technology.

Due to the absence of fissile materials, traditional IAEA safeguards are not directly applicable. However, monitoring and verification of the intended use and operational parameters may be considered to ensure transparency and prevent misuse.